The Guardian｜2026年4月5日
搁浅英文不是 get stuck，是 run aground——这篇笔记从《卫报》一篇关于燃油船遇险的真实事故报道出发，精讲 run aground 用法、oil spill (漏油英文) 等 8 个核心表达，帮你告别中式英语，读懂地道外刊。
📌 精读要点
- run aground 和 ground 如何在同一篇报道里交替使用
- stricken 为什么记者不说 damaged
- be taken off 和 evacuate 的语感差在哪里
- oil spill 的搭配家族怎么一次学全
- as a precaution 的官方腔怎么学
- berth 的动词用法：一个你没见过的熟词僻义
- tie off 和 tie up 的细微差别
- take in water 为什么比 leak 更准确
完整笔记+更多外刊精读笔记见：公众号「英语小秋秋」
📌 背景简介
Monuriki Island是斐济Mamanuca群岛中一座无人岛，因2000年电影《Cast Away》（《荒岛余生》）而闻名。2026年4月5日，Blue Lagoon Cruises旗下游轮Fiji Princess在此搁浅，30名乘客和部分船员被紧急疏散，当局随即展开防漏油行动。
⭐ 搁浅发生的那一刻
这篇报道里，搁浅英文出现了两次，但用词不一样——这不是笔误，是新闻写作的标准节奏。
Salvage crews in Fiji are working to prevent an oil spill after a cruise ship ran aground off the island on which the 2000 Tom Hanks film Cast Away was filmed.
斐济打捞人员正努力防止游轮搁浅后发生漏油事故，该游轮搁浅于2000年汤姆·汉克斯电影《荒岛余生》的取景岛屿附近。
The Blue Lagoon Cruises vessel Fiji Princess grounded at a reef near the uninhabited Monuriki Island on Saturday.
蓝色泻湖游轮旗下船只Fiji Princess号于周六在无人居住的莫努里基岛附近礁石处搁浅。
run aground /rʌn əˈɡraʊnd/ v. phr.
ground 的本义是”地面、底部”——船撞上了它不该碰的东西：海底、礁石、沙洲。画面就是这样：船还在动（run），但底部已经卡死在地面上了。
run aground 和 ground（单独用作动词）在新闻里交替出现，是标准做法——首次交代事件用完整短语，后续叙述用简洁动词形式，不重复又不单调。
句式：[vessel/ship] + run aground + on/off [地点]
搭配：run aground on a reef（在礁石上搁浅）/ run aground off the coast（在海岸附近搁浅）/ be grounded（已搁浅状态）
The tanker ran aground on a sandbar off the coast of Malaysia, blocking a key shipping lane for 48 hours. 油轮在马来西亚海岸附近的沙洲搁浅，封堵主要航道长达48小时。
⭐ 官方评估：损毁程度怎么说
事故发生后官员赶来评估⬇️
Initial checks confirmed that the vessel has suffered serious damage to its rear left side, including the area where the steering equipment is located. Part of the vessel underneath has also been damaged. The vessel also experienced engine failure and was reported to be taking in water following the grounding.
初步检查证实，船只左后侧受到严重损毁，包括舵机所在区域，船底部分亦已受损。船只还出现发动机故障，据报在搁浅后开始进水。
stricken /ˈstrɪkən/ adj.
strike 的过去分词，字面是”被击中的”——引申为”遭受重创、处于危难状态”。普通人会说 damaged ship，但新闻记者用 stricken，因为这个词带着”已经无力挣扎”的沉重感，damaged 只描述物理状态，stricken 还带着命运感。
同样的逻辑延伸到人：grief-stricken（悲痛欲绝）、panic-stricken（惊慌失措）、poverty-stricken（深陷贫困）——都是”被某种力量击中后动弹不得”的意象。
搭配：stricken vessel / aircraft / community / grief-stricken / panic-stricken / poverty-stricken
Investigators were airlifted to the stricken platform hours after the explosion, as fears of a second blast kept rescue teams at bay. 爆炸发生数小时后，调查人员被空运至这座遭难平台，而对二次爆炸的担忧令救援队迟迟无法靠近。
take in water /teɪk ɪn ˈwɔːtər/ v. phr.
直觉上可能会说 leaking，但 take in water 专指船体破损后海水倒灌——方向相反。leak 是液体从内往外渗，take in water 是外部的水往里涌。
画面上，船仿佛在”主动喝水”，暗示情况已经危险到失控。
The coastguard received a distress call from a fishing boat taking in water after colliding with a submerged rock. 海岸警卫队收到一艘渔船的求救信号，该船在撞上水下礁石后开始进水。
⭐ 人员疏散：不只是 evacuate
30名乘客被带离了船——但这里没有用你第一个想到的词。
All 30 passengers and 17 of its 31 crew were taken off the vessel the same day. There have been no injuries reported.
当天，全部30名乘客及31名船员中的17人已离船撤离。目前无人员伤亡报告。
be taken off /teɪkən ɒf/ v. phr.
evacuate 更强调整体疏散行动，be taken off 强调”有人主动把你从危险地点带走”的过程感——后者更口语化，但在新闻里同样常见，且多了一层他动性：不是自己跑的，是被带走的。
句式：[人] + be taken off + [场所]
搭配：be taken off a vessel / platform / site / be taken off safely（安全撤离）
All 11 miners were taken off the site by helicopter after a tunnel collapse trapped them for six hours. 隧道坍塌将11名矿工困于地下六小时后，所有人均已由直升机从现场撤离。
⭐ 漏油风险：一个词的家族
搁浅之后，当局最担心的不是船，是海。
Salvage crews are working to prevent an oil spill. The vessel was carrying about 20,000 litres of diesel fuel. Authorities had taken oil spill equipment to the area “as a precaution” but sea conditions were too rough for it to be used.
打捞人员正努力防止漏油。该船载有约2万升柴油。当局已将防漏油设备运至该区域”以作预防”，但海况过于恶劣，暂时无法使用。
oil spill /ɔɪl spɪl/ n.
spill 的字面义是”溢出、洒出”——液体从容器里跑出来，控制不住。
oil spill 特指石油或燃油的意外大规模泄漏，不可替换为 oil leak：leak 偏向细小持续的渗漏，spill 是意外溢出。
词族一次学全： oil spill（漏油事故）→ spill response（漏油应对）→ spill containment（漏油控制）→ oil spill equipment（防漏油设备）
搭配：prevent / contain an oil spill / an oil spill occurs / oil spill response team
The government faced intense criticism for its slow response to the oil spill, which had already spread to three marine reserves by the time containment efforts began. 政府因应对漏油事故迟缓而遭到强烈批评——围控行动启动时，油污已扩散至三处海洋保护区。
as a precaution /əz ə prɪˈkɔːʃn/ adv. phr.
官方声明的固定套话——”我们做了某件事，不是因为危险已经发生，而是为了防患于未然”。
for safety 或 to be safe 太口语、太模糊；as a precaution 一出，立刻有官方文件的质感。 更正式的书面变体：as a precautionary measure
搭配：take sth as a precaution / as a precautionary measure / purely as a precaution
The entire floor was evacuated as a precaution after a small electrical fire was detected in the server room. 服务器室检测到小型电气火灾后，整层楼作为预防措施进行了疏散。
🚀 实战演练
场景设定：一艘载有危险化学品的货轮在菲律宾附近海域触礁，海事局发布官方声明。
尝试用上本期3-4个词，写一段3-5句的新闻报道。
参考写作：
A cargo vessel carrying hazardous chemicals ran aground on a reef off the Philippine coast early Monday morning. Maritime authorities arrived within hours to assess the stricken ship; all 42 crew members were taken off safely before nightfall. Officials deployed containment equipment along the shoreline as a precaution, warning that an oil spill could not be ruled out given the extent of hull damage. The crew have since been berthed at a local port facility while investigators work to determine the cause of the grounding.
载有危险化学品的货轮于周一凌晨在菲律宾海岸附近礁石触礁搁浅。海事当局数小时内抵达，对这艘遭难船只展开评估；42名船员全部于入夜前安全撤离。官员沿海岸线部署围控设备以作预防，警告称鉴于船体受损程度，不排除漏油可能。目前船员已被安置在当地港口设施，调查人员正着手查明搁浅原因。